The field of immunology has long recognized the pivotal role of T lymphocytes in the adaptive immune system, particularly in pathogen defense, tumor ...

The first is the rise of immunotherapies which incorporate a patient’s own immune system to combat the cancer. In particular, adoptive immunotherapy techniques activate a patient’s T cells ex vivo ...

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were seeded at 1 × 10 4 cells per cm 2 in six-well plates. Treatment with TNF-α (2.5, 5 or 10 ng/ml) or lipopolysaccharide (0.5, 1 or 5 μg/ml) treatment ...

Principle of the basophil activation assay. Upon cross-linking of membrane ... phosphorylation of p38 MAPK exerts a pivotal role in cell activation. Adapted from [53].