Mesoscale eddies are ocean vortices less than 100 kilometers ... impacts [of eddies] on oceanic energy cascades, heat and water mass transport, as well as nutrient and chlorophyll distribution.

The physical properties of seawater include both 'thermodynamic properties' like density and freezing point, as well as 'transport ... ocean are therefore temperature, which is related to the heat ...

In total, ocean currents transfer about 25 per cent of the global heat budget. Ocean currents ... although there is a stronger vertical circulation in the Atlantic. In the Atlantic, Pacific ...