To explain fully the way in which IP packets are used, we need to take a look at the Ethernet protocol in detail. The original idea was conceived, like so many other technologies, in Xerox's ...

Inside the expedient pulse transformer. UDP is a simple Ethernet protocol for transferring application data. Being connection-less, payload data are simply formatted into a packet buffer up front.

the whole network fails if the switch fails as no node can communicate a wired star topology requires plenty of cable - in a large network this can be expensive Star topologies tend to be found in ...