Complementary colors live on opposite sides of the color wheel. Imagine red and green, blue and orange, or yellow and purple. Or move a half step over on the wheel, and combine a yellow-green color ...
This scheme allows for up to 256 levels of each color component. For example, red is specified as '00FFFF00', green as 'FF00FF00', process black (uses cyan, magenta, and yellow ink) as 'FFFFFF00', and ...