Microplastics—typically defined as plastic fragments smaller than 5 mm—originate from a host of sources, including plastic ...

It is estimated that 80 per cent of pollutants in the marine environment originate from land. Some of the hazardous substances, such as toxic heavy metals, persistent organic compounds (including ...

such as organic dye pollutants present in industrial wastewater. The textile, pharmaceutical, and paper industries all generate vast quantities of wastewater contaminated with synthetic dyes.