Not surprisingly, capsaicin, the compound that gives chilies their hot flavor, affects ... biotic defenses. Plants increase predation of herbivores by luring and keeping predators on a plant ...

A new study reveals the profound ecological effects of wolves and other large carnivores in Yellowstone National ...

How does this trophic role affect the community ... omnivores feed upon plant versus prey resources determines their functional role as functional herbivores or predators. Which role they play ...

Herbivores are often thought of as harmless plant-eaters, but many have developed powerful defenses to survive. Whether it's a forceful kick or sharp horns, these animals can hold their own against ...

A consumer that only eats plants is called a herbivore. The frog is the secondary ... and these are consumed by predators. The final consumer at the top of the food chain is called a top (or ...

Once absorbed by plants, they interact with herbivores, pollinators, and mycorrhiza. MNPs transfer across trophic levels through multiple potential pathways, and may affect biodiversity patterns ...

A consumer that only eats plants is called a herbivore. The frog is the secondary ... and these are consumed by predators. The final consumer at the top of the food chain is called a top (or ...