In the sun, plasma—a gathering of ions in the gaseous state—undergoes nuclear fusion reactions, transmitting light and energy to Earth ... time capture of the ionization process and subsequent ...

Applying a voltage across the detector and recording ionization energy reveals neutrino collisions. Similarly elusive, dark ...

The periodic table’s arrangement also allows scientists to discern trends in element properties, including electronegativity, ionization energy, and atomic radius. Many scientists worked on the ...

IN various papers published during the last ten years Prof. Townsend has developed a theory of the ionisation of gases by collision, and has published experimental results which give it strong ...

factoring in photon energy dependence. A fluence-dependent effect on the alignment parameter was observed, indicating that lower fluences reduced and delayed ionization dynamics, leading to ...

It describes options and how to calibrate plane parallel ionization chambers, against air kerma or absorbed dose to water standards at cobalt-60 gamma ray energies. The use of these chambers to ...