Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) are essential techniques in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer, particularly for assessing mediastinal lymph nodes.

With tuberculosis, endobronchial ultrasound can access hard-to-reach lymph nodes and establish whether the bacterial strain is resistant to available antibiotics. Even so, with a sensitivity of ...

Applications of bronchoscopic needle aspiration have expanded to include not only sampling of paratracheal or mediastinal lymph nodes, but peripheral, submucosal, and endobronchial lesions.